Paternal Suicide in the 1001 Critical Days
New research highlights the need to include fathers in suicide prevention and perinatal mental health support.
The transition to parenthood is a significant period of change for fathers, bringing new relationships, responsibilities and pressures. Yet paternal mental health and suicide have historically received far less attention than maternal mental health.
New research from Swansea University, commissioned by the 1001 Critical Days Foundation, provides the first UK population-level estimate of paternal suicide during the 1001 Critical Days - from pregnancy to a child’s second birthday.
2–3 babies lose their dads to suicide every week in the UK*
The study identified 107 fathers who died by suicide during the 1,001 critical days in Wales between 2002 and 2021, compared with 16 mothers. An average of around five fathers died by suicide each year during this period.
Behind every statistic is a person, a family and a baby growing up without their dad.
*UK estimate based on actual data from Wales.
A critical window for prevention.
The research highlights the transition into fatherhood - particularly first-time fatherhood - as an important opportunity for prevention.
It also found that paternal suicide rates were approximately twice as high among fathers living in the most deprived areas compared with those living in the least deprived areas. The researchers call for a more father-inclusive approach, including routine mental health screening and clear referral pathways for fathers during pregnancy and after birth.
What needs to change?
Include fathers in perinatal mental health services
Offer routine screening and support to fathers as well as mothers
Improve national monitoring of paternal suicide
Prioritise outreach and support in areas experiencing higher deprivation
Ensure healthcare professionals are equipped to recognise and respond to paternal mental health needs
All suicides are potentially preventable. The research provides an important foundation for understanding paternal suicide during the 1001 Critical Days and strengthening prevention, support and services for fathers and families.
Watch: Paternal Mental Health Webinar
Hear more about paternal mental health, suicide prevention and what this research means for fathers, families and professionals working across the 1,001 critical days.
Read the research
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